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Scraping an oboe reed blank is a little like creating a shell for the reed to live in. It isn’t really an oboe reed yet, but it has to be a good enough shell so that the reed can eventually take shape within it. It seems like a rather abstract idea now, so just remember… Your initial goal is to just get some cane off the reed.

All that hard shiny cane must go for the reed to vibrate. Although this part of oboe
reed making is not very detailed, you will have to learn basic knife control to get the
shiny cane off. Of course, practice makes perfect.

As your reed making skill improves, however, don’t let yourself get bogged down
with this step. I have seen may experienced reed making students take such care
and time with this part - the “getting the cane off” part. It is not necessary!

Eventually you want to get the rough cane off as quick and as easily as possible.
Someone that knows nothing about oboe reed making could learn to do this
efficiently and consistently with just a little practice.

Although you will probably end of finishing your reeds while they are wet, I like to
scrape blanks (up until the point where I clip the tip) when they are pretty dry. That
is just my preference because I don’t feel that the actual blank scraping is the
detailed part.

Again, you are just making a reed shell right now. You will have to experiment with
how hard you press when you are scraping. It isn’t something I can explain in words
except to say you always want to use the least amount of pressure possible so that
you don’t crack the cane.

Your right hand is just going to move the knife, it is your left hand that will anchor
and apply pressure when you need it. You will figure many of these things out for
yourself. Even a private reed making teacher wouldn’t be able to actually feel how
much pressure you are using. And it is a totally individual thing anyway.

So take your blank and mark 68 mm. A finished reed will be about 69-70 mm, so I
like to start scraping my tip at about 68. Don’t forget to keep that picture of each
side of the oboe reed separated by the important spine.

With your knife, you are going to do at least 15 scrapes of the tip on each side of
the spine. Start at the line you drew and let’s do the left side first. Draw your knife
up and all the way to the very end of tip so that it goes off the end.

This is a very important habit to create.

You always want to scrape the tip and get used to going off the very end. Once you
do about 15 scrapes on the left side of the tip, do the right side. Then turn the reed
over and do the same exact thing on the flipside.

When you are done you will have rough scraped the tip of the oboe reed!

Now onto rough scraping the body of the reed.

We’re going to apply the same concept you used on the tip and scrape all the way
from a few millimeters above the string up until the heart starts, probably about 65
mm. Again you are going to honor the spine, and when you are done with this part
there will be a visible spine that you have made down the entire reed. Do about
10-12 of these scrapes on all 4 sides of the reed. You should have taken off a good
deal of cane by now.

If you barely see any cane on your table, you are probably not pressing hard
enough. These rough scrapes need to remove cane, not just caress it. There is no
way a reed is going to vibrate if it has tons and tons of heavy cane on it.

Sometimes I am ready to clip at this point. But most of the time I go back to the tip
and kind of repeat what I already did - 15 scrapes on each side of the spine and
then again on the flipside.

About the Author

Oboist and online entrepreneur Maryn Leister helps beginner and professional
oboists to be more productive and have more fun on the oboe. She publishes the
weekly Oboe: Space newsletter, the Oboe Insider, and gives away more FREE oboe
reed tips than she can remember with her Reed Guru service.

Sign-up for the Oboe:Space newsletter and start getting your FREE oboe reed tips
now at http://www.oboespace.com

This article is a short excerpt from “The Beginner’s Guide to Making Your
First Playing Oboe Reed… in 9 Days or Less”, a step-by-step guide to
help you start your oboe reed making journey. Click below to get more details.

Making Oboe Reeds

Strangely the Nokia N73 has not sold very well, which is a shame as it is actually a great phone. As a entry level mobile handset the N73 is pretty well featured compared to other mobile phones at this price. The Nokia N73 has a very good feel to it, and we really liked its modern sleek design.

Polyphonic (64 channels), MP3 ring-tones are enabled on the Nokia N73 along with a vibrating alert. The Nokia N73 supports 2G GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 and 3G UMTS 2100. This mobile handset has a 3.15 MP, 2048×1536 pixels, Carl Zeiss optics, autofocus, video(CIF), flash; secondary VGA video call camera. If you use the Internet on the move, you will be pleased to know a WAP 2.0/xHTML, HTML compatible browser is included. The display type is TFT, 256K colors. The N73 weighs 116 g, which is OK for a phone in its price bracket. The Nokia N73 comes in, Silver Grey, Deep Plum, Frost White, Metallic Red and Black (Music Edition). In terms of size the Nokia N73 is compact and convenient. The Nokia N73 is has bluetooth, so it is compatible with the majority of mobile phone devices for example hands free sets or even a computer. A Li-Ion 1100 mAh (BP-6M ) battery cell is fitted to the Nokia N73. In terms of the all important battery life the Nokia N73 has 6:00 talk time and 350 hrs standby charge. The N73 has a number of other useful features such as:

This is now quite an old mobile phone, but still does a great job. If you see one, being sold off in a cheap end of line deal you can find yourself a great deal. If you are interested in a superb deal, buy online where it is simple to find lots of really cheap offers to select from. Shopping online can allow you to take advantage of significant cost savings, believe it or not, it is possible to get a mobile deal with 9 months free , which, if you are clever will not cost anything at all.

Paper shredders are machines that allow the shredding of any paper to tiny pieces or very fine strips. Paper shredders are commonly used by individuals or groups that need to destroy classified documents that may prove to be of danger to themselves or to their group. These documents are cut into tiny pieces so that no one attempting to read them will succeed in doing so. Experts in the field of privacy will often advise individuals to destroy some of their personal documents like account statements, bills or other important files that cannot be allowed to fall into the hands of anyone.

1. Avoid Identity Theft

Another reason why important personal records and files must be destroyed is to avoid identity theft. Identity theft is simply when another person is assuming the persona of another person. Important records and files shredded through a paper shredder will be impossible to read - thus eliminating the possibility of identity theft.

Though paper shredders have given us the security of destroying files that we don’t want anyone else to see, our carelessness can take away that security. In situations where a person merely leaves shredded paper from the paper shredder lying just about anywhere or at the garbage bin, the pieces can still be collected by nosy people or investigators, maybe even spies. To enable maximum security, when using a paper shredder make sure that documents are fed in a horizontal way and that they are perpendicular to the blades of the shredder.

2. Easy Cleanup

Many modern paper shredders come with their own waste bin, and those that do not have one are designed to enable them to fit over or next to another waste bin. Paper shredders are categorized depending on their size and shape of the shreds that they produce.

++ Strip Cut ++

A strip cut paper shredder uses knives that rotate that cut long narrow strips as long as the original size of the paper. The product of this paper shredder is the easiest to reconstruct for determined and patient investigators or spies. This is also the least secure type of paper shredder.

++ Cross Cut ++

This type of paper shredder uses drums that contra-rotate to cut the paper into parallelogram or rectangular shaped shreds.

3. Particle cut

The product of this paper shredder creates tiny square or circular shreds.

4. Granulators and disintegrators

These are paper shredders that randomly cut the paper repeatedly until they are no more than little particles that can fit through the mesh

5. Pulverizers or hammermills

Huge devices that simply make dust out of your paper

6. Alternatives

Some alternative paper shredders not just shred the paper but are also sometimes equipped with chemicals, burning materials or composting materials that completely destroy the document after shredding it. For paper shredders that do not protect up to maximum security, like the strip cut - it will still be possible to unshred the document by reconstructing and pasting the shredded pieces together. This was fist spurred with the Enron accountancy scandal, where documents containing altered information were fed through the paper shredder in the wrong way, enabling the investigator to reassemble the original document.

7. Reconstruction

As difficult as it is to understand, shredded paper is possible to reconstruct. Undisturbed shredded papers tend to stay in close proximity with each other unless acted upon by an outer force, especially if these shredded materials belong to the same document. Also, as with the Enron accountancy scandal, confidential documents were fed through the shredder in a wrong way. When paper is fed in such a way that its lines are not at right angles with the blades of the shredder, it creates shredded paper containing longer and readable texts.

Shredded paper can even be reconstructed without the use of any machines. In 1979, just after the Iranian revolution, the U.S government hired local Iranian carpet weavers who with patience reconstructed the documents found in the Tehran US embassy. Because of this, paper shredders made a step further in creating paper shredders that can pulverize, pulp and decompose the shredded.

For more great paper shredder related articles and resources check out http://www.theshreddingplace.com

Background:

The main advantages of HDMI, high definition multimedia interface, over standard analog video transmission is that it is 100 % digital from source to display. However, transmitting HDMI over long distances is not so easy. In this article we will describe some of the issues encountered during HDMI transmission and present a solution that can significantly improve HDMI transmission: the HDMI Extender.

Basic HDMI transmission characteristics:

HDMI is based on TMDS, transmission minimized differential signaling, developed by Silicon Image. In order to support non-compressed HD video quality, HDMI needs to support data rates up to ~1.65 Gbps for each of 3 transmission pairs. In addition, TMDS is based on a characteristic impedance of 50 Ohms ( 100 ohms differential).

The math of HDMI signaling:

Although TMDS is a base-band “digital” signal, mathematically it can be thought of as a summation of harmonically related sine waves. The great French mathematician, Jean Baptiste Fourier (1768-1830), showed that any signal waveform including a square wave (think digital here) could be resolved into a summation of harmonically related sine waves. As the data rate of a digital signal increase, so does the frequency of the individual sine waves that make up the “composite” digital signal. For example, for a 50% duty cycle perfect square wave, the fundamental frequency (lowest frequency component) is of the data rate. In summary, a digital signal is simply composed of the fundamental frequency sine wave and harmonics of this fundamental sine wave. The amplitude of the individual sine waves is determined by Fourier transforms.

The challenges of HDMI signaling over long cables:
Transmitting high-speed HDMI signals is not easy because the frequency of the individual sine waves is such high frequency. As frequencies of the signal increase, the design of a good HDMI transmission product falls in the realm of good RF/microwave engineering. The challenges of high-speed digital transmission can be broken down to :

Attenuation: as frequencies increase, signal attenuation of the cables increases due to the “skin effect.” Essentially, the “skin effect” describes the phenomena that as the frequency of a sine wave increase, the wave tends to travel on the outer portions of the cable conductor. Whereas ordinary 60Hz AC signal might travel through the entire cross sectional area of the conductor, a high frequency may only travel along the outer edges of the conduct therefore the “impedance” to signal travel is greater. Think of this as a water pipe where the center of the pipe is blocked and fluid can only travel on the outer edges of the pipe. In addition, the attenuation of a cable increases with the cable length.

Intra-signal pair skew: recall that higher frequency sine wave also have shorter wavelengths. HDMI is based on differential signaling, therefore the “skew” ( any delay between a transmission pair ) of each the signal must be minimized. Any differences in trace/cable lengths will tend to skew the arrival time of the signal to the receiver. As frequencies and cable lengths increase, the errors will be more pronounced.

Impedance matching: : HDMI is based on 50-Ohm ( 100 ohm differential) impedance. All cables, traces must be matched to this characteristic impedance. Any “mis-match” causes reflections, which degrades transmission performance.

Using a HDMI extender to mitigate transmission problems over long cables:

In many front projection installation where cable lengths are significant, the problems described above will surface in the form of “pixelization” or even a complete picture drop out. An external HDMI Extender can be used in order to correct and compensate for the long cables that causes the impairments. The HDMI Extender automatically adjust and compensate for cable attenuation up to 40 dB. In addition, an adaptive equalizer compensates for the time-based skews. A limiting amp “squares ” up and re-shapes the input signal before sending to the output through output buffers.

The HDMI Extender is low power and can be attached to the display end ( after the long cable) to completely rectify any errors caused by transmission over long HDMI cables. The extender is housed in a small ease to use package. Power can be supplied directly from the HDMI source, however an external AC adapter is provided and recommended. The HDMI Extender can be used with DVI-D products simply by using a HDMI to DVI-D cable or adapter.

Conclusion:

HDTV technology is changing rapidly. HD connections such as HDMI will become the de facto standard in HDTV connections. Transmitting HDMI signals over long cables is a challenge and often causes pixelization and signal drop out. An external HDMI Extender can be placed at the display end of the cable to completely compensate for signal degradation caused by a long HDMI cable.

Jeff Su is product marketing manager at Octava Inc. http://www.octavainc.com. Jeff is a graduate of the Georgia Institute of Technology (BSEE, MSEE) and has over 10 years of experience in CATV systems, RF, and microwave designs. He may be reached at info@octavainc.com

Having two operating systems is not as difficult as many of us consider. It just requires little hard work and some good equipment. By equipments I mean good hard disk space and good RAM sometimes, depending upon which operating systems you are going to install.

So your first step is to choose which operating systems you are going to install on your computer. I would recommend you to choose them wisely because it could have some negative effects on the performance of your systems. If you have good processor, Pentium 4, and good RAM, at least 256MB, then you do not need to worry about the selection process. There are still millions of people who are using P II and P III processors. When I had Pentium III, I was used to choose windows XP with Windows ME and that was very nice pair of operating systems.

Now let’s turn to their installation procedure. This step is considered as a very critical step. Many people, with less knowledge, corrupt their data or operating system file by using wrong method to install both operating systems.

Let me make clear now that I will not be telling in this article about how to install windows 98 and Me together. You will learn only how to install Windows XP or Windows 2000 with Windows 98 or Windows Me. I hope you got it.

Your First step is to install first Windows 98 or Windows Me on your blank hard disk. If you have already installed windows 98 or Me then you do not need to consider this step. But still if you want the fresh copies of both operating systems then you may consider formatting your PC and then installing Windows 98 or Me first. To get help on formatting your PC or installing windows from DOS mode you may consider http://winguide.info .

After you have installed your first operating system, I mean windows 98 or Me, you have partially completed your objective. Now you can install your device drivers, programs or anything on your Windows 98 or Me, even you can install them later. Now you are ready to use your first operating system.

Your next turn is to get Windows XP CD or Windows 2000 Setup Disk. Insert them in your computer and as setup starts, just in the beginning you have to choose the option describing Install New Copy. I mean you should not select UPGRADE option. Just that’s it! You have to tell setup on which drive or folder you want to copy your windows files. It is best to use different partition other than where your Windows 98 or Me is installed. If you install both windows in same partition then you may corrupt your both copy of windows. For example, if you have installed windows 98 on partition C:/ then you should install Windows XP or 2000 on partition D:/ or E:/ whatever other partitions you have. If you have only one partition then you may consider repartitioning your hard disk to get more than one partition. I hope you would get most help from Windows Setup Guide which will teach you about how to partition your hard disk with pictures.

Then let your Windows setup proceed and let it to be finished. Remember, if your windows XP or Windows 2000 CD is bootable then please do not boot from CD Rom when computer restarts during Windows 2000 or Windows XP setup. Otherwise you may go on risk of installing multiple corrupted copies of windows.

I hope you may install two windows easily. Still if you are scared then May God helps you. Ok, my last advice, try to move your important data to different PC or any storage device before proceeding, because if you fail, it would not hurt you.

Alan Malik, being well experienced in computer maintenance, describes most of his skills on installing windows in his website Windows Installation Tutorial

Notebook computer shipments are approximately estimated to be around 130million units this year, which is immense! Those searching for the latest montevina platform could be kept waiting as manufacturers have already mentioned potential shipment shortages. Despite credit crunches and other economic conditions laptop computer shipments have increased year on year and it doesn’t seem to slow down any time soon. Companies are trying to organise the technology intervals but that doesn’t restrict anyone from coming and advancing things.

I’ve seen a lot of gaming laptops being launched lately. Prices are also declining because the technology cycles have become so small for laptops. Playing games on notebooks is indeed a reality now with the improvements in technology. A few of the annoyances like heat and noise still are here to a point but hardly in the average models. The chassis’s are also pretty thin. With that stated gaming notebooks should never be cosidered in the same playing field as their PC counterparts. There will be a gap and the point here is that its not a major deal for the masses. Gaming notebooks will no doubt get sleeker and more powerful in the coming years and it will be interesting to see.

A number of small system builders offer custom built laptops to niche segments. I’m partial to the concept that high quality components go into a couple of custom notebooks. Detailing what you want plainly is the main advantage. Laptop computers distributed in stores are typically designed for the mass market and perhaps this isn’t you. This is the purpose as to why custom notebooks are here. High levels of customer service and support can also be discovered when buying custom built notebooks. To a couple of purchasers this is very significant.

Plenty of awesome notebooks are being launched soon. The mobile £200 notebooks are moving like crazy at at minute. I didn’t feel anyone thought they would be so popular. I want to see a bigger version of these inexpensive ultra mobiles. I feel it should be a big success. If you employ slightly less engery efficient components then I guess this is really doable already. I can expect its not too long before we begin getting gaming notebooks that are weightless. New products are seen every year and I’m sure the next year already holds a lot of promise for us geeks.

There is hardly any other online marketing tool that is as effective and yet so low-cost as articles are when it comes to generating traffic.

Most people don’t know it but low cost marketing articles are capable of generating tons of targeted traffic for any site. For instance a single article posted at an articles directory can end up in tens of thousands of other web sites. This in itself creates a marketing situation where there is a huge but low cost potential for traffic because even if your article in each of those sites generates the occasional hit, the numbers will tend to quickly add up into a very impressive traffic figure.

Marketing articles are actually so low cost that they tend to cost next to nothing. Apart from the time spent researching, writing and posting the marketing article, there is no other cost the site owner looking to get away from low traffic will incur.

Even if one chooses to hire a content provider to generate the marketing articles, the cost will still be very low when compared to other methods of advertising online.

What’s more low cost marketing articles tend to generate highly targeted traffic that has already been pre-sold before they actually get to your site. This also makes low cost marketing articles very valuable sources of traffic for any site.

Get more information now to help you grow your traffic overnight using articles. See my articles marketing blog or get my high value email newsletter on the same subject, send a blank Email Now to get it Free. This is a limited time offer.

Visit the hottest online sports wagering rooms on the web - CLICK HERE

Hook up both of people’s predominant quests and you have got is a rage we commonly title a sportsbook. So what could be more ingenious. Visualize a party of sports devotees cheering a given preferred sports club, and regularly bets are fixed in parallel to the din. So very keen to get their piece of the delights, spectators will on a regular basis seek to figure out who is the likeliest to prevail the running challennge. Put together, this all is set to turn into a little affable challennge termed sportsbook.

In order to wager, you’ll go to a sportsbook, i.e. a place which proffers sportsbook. In the U.S.A., you have no less than four states where everyone can do sportsbook betting in a legit manner, but beyond legality you may go for it anyplace assuming that you pin down a bookie AND you happen to be of age. Among the sports you can choose to risk your money on are professional alongside college basketball & football, professional hockey and baseball, alongside wagers on both dog and horse racing. Clients might bet money on the overall score of a fight or game, at which point a given contester will be defeated, and even if a tossed coin in a fight or game will come out either heads or tails.

We can select countless genres of bets- straight bets, parlays, and plenty more, the straight being the dominating one in sportsbook betting.

So do take a stab at it, and enjoy the amusement while you’re at it. Only make certain that you won’t get seized and fritter your entire social security checks on a fancy! Else, could be you will end up distressed all life long!

Tis’ the season of candy and sweet treats. Chocolate santas, marshmallow snowmen, homemade cookies, pies, cakes, and candy canes are everywhere. Yummy treats are offered to us left and right. They’re hard to resist. Do you need a strong, compelling reason not to indulge in sweets? Perhaps you have a health concern, want to lose weight, or simply want to watch what you eat. If you need a little help or motivation to stay away from treats, consider the following:

1. Sweets are addictive!

Like potato chips, it’s hard to eat just one piece of candy, a cookie, a slice of cake or pie. Have you ever noticed the “lust” that sweets trigger? You eat one piece, and rage sets in. You want more. You must have it! You’ll do anything to get it. The urge is hard to resist.

The reason that sweets trigger “lust” is because the manufacturers have added taste enhancers that cause you to crave more and more. The reason they do is to get you physically addicted to their products. Of course, when you continue to eat and buy more sweets, it’s good repeat business for them.

2. Sugar is a sweet-talking moocher!

Nothing is worse than a freeloader. A moocher who takes from you, and never gives back. Unfortunately, sugar leeches vitamins and minerals from your body. To digest sugar, you need B-complex vitamins, calcium and magnesium. Complex carbohydrates (raw fruit and vegetables) contain enough of these nutrients to digest and convert into energy. However, simple refined sugars (white or brown) are difficult to digest. Your body must rob its own resources to digest them.

Where are these nutrients leeched? Vitamin B-complex is taken from your central nervous system. Calcium is robbed from your teeth and bones.

Over time, eating sugar will result in Vitamin-B deficiency. This will cause you to suffer from nervousness, forgetfulness, fatigue, anxiety, rage, depression, indigestion, lack of appetite, craving for more sweets, neuralgia and neuritis, muscle soreness, headaches, insomnia, and dizziness.

3. Sugar weakens your immune system.

When you eat sugar, it weakens your white blood cells, which are an important part of your immune system. White blood cells protect your body from foreign invaders (such as cancer cells) who attack your body and try to make you sick. When white blood cells are weak, they don’t have the strength to fight back. In other words, they can’t do their job. Ultimately, eating candy weakens your immune system.

Are you ready to fight back?

Being aware of the hidden dangers of sugar will motivate you to get fresh. That’s right; push that candy away. Just say no. Reach for something that is good for you. Bite into a tart green “Granny Smith” apple, eat a handful of juicy berries, a tangy tangerine, or fresh cut pineapple.

Keep healthy alternatives on hand so that you can resist sweets. If you can’t give up sweets, limit yourself to a small portion. Throw the rest away! Change your focus, so that you can resist those nutritionally empty, good-for-nothings who only end up hurting you. Decide in advance that you’ll be the one getting fresh… now that you’re wise to sugar’s sweet little game of deceit.

Nicky Vanvalkenburgh writes about practical tips, techniques and strategies for personal empowerment. Check out her stress reduction website at http://www.20minutestolessstress.com/

Finding biological parents and siblings can be quite a challenge, but by using various resources and registries available on the internet, success can be achieved by reaching the masses of people that are searching as well.

Children that are adopted often search for biological parents as they grow older and become more inquisitive of their heritage, and in turn may find that their parents are looking for them as well. The adoption may have been closed at the time, so this information was not made available through the adoption agency, as it is in an open adoption. Circumstances change and with time some people find that there is something missing in their lives, and finding biological parents, siblings, and other relatives can answer many questions that have always been in the back of their minds.

Other than just wanting to know, finding biological parents may serve another purpose as well. Many adults that were adopted as children want to know their genetic and medical history, which is a great motivator for finding biological parents, especially in cases of disorders or diseases existing in the family that have a genetic link, it would be helpful to know as much as possible. An extreme situation could be in the case of finding a genetic match for a bone marrow transplant or other type of tissue or organ transplant. Breast cancer is another example. If a woman’s mother or sister has been diagnosed with breast cancer, she has greater than a 50% chance of getting it as well. This scenario is quite common, and many women are faced with deciding whether or not to take preventative measures, such as elective mastectomy.

Finding biological parents, siblings, and other family members is done for a number of reasons, but success in this endeavor ultimately fills an emotional void that can be made whole no other way. A good place to start finding biological parents and others is by registering on a number of sites dedicated to getting families back together. Just post as much information as you can, search public records, and utilize people-finding services as well. Finding biological parents may take some time, but it’s not impossible. Use a methodical approach and all available resources; talk to people and gather as much information as possible. Sooner or later the pieces of the puzzle will start coming together and hopefully a family reunion after finding biological parents and who knows who else! Good luck!

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